본문 바로가기

정치시사

98. 비전의 충돌 "A Conflict of Visions: Ideological Origins of Political Struggles" - Thomas Sowell

728x90

"A Conflict of Visions: Ideological Origins of Political Struggles" - Thomas Sowell (2007)

"A Conflict of Visions: Ideological Origins of Political Struggles" is a book written by economist and social theorist Thomas Sowell in 2007. In the book, Sowell argues that political struggles are often rooted in fundamental differences in the way individuals perceive the world, which he terms "visions." He identifies two primary visions that have shaped political and social thought throughout history: the "constrained vision" and the "unconstrained vision."

The constrained vision emphasizes the limitations of human knowledge and the need for institutions and processes that reflect this understanding. It stresses the importance of individual responsibility and the role of tradition, as well as the need to balance individual freedom with the preservation of order and stability.

In contrast, the unconstrained vision assumes that human reason can overcome ignorance and tradition, and that social problems can be solved through rational planning and government intervention. It places a greater emphasis on individual autonomy and social justice, and tends to favor greater government involvement in society.

Sowell argues that these competing visions have been at the root of many political and social struggles throughout history, and that they continue to shape contemporary debates about issues such as economic policy, social justice, and individual rights.

"A Conflict of Visions" has been influential in political and philosophical circles, and is often cited as a foundational work in the study of political ideologies. The book's examination of the role of competing visions in political conflict has been praised for its insights into the nature of political discourse and disagreement.

한국어판 제목: "이념의 충돌: 정치적 갈등의 이데올로기적 기원"

The book argues that the fundamental disagreements between political ideologies stem from different "visions" of human nature and society. Sowell identifies two main visions: the "constrained" vision and the "unconstrained" vision.

According to the constrained vision, human nature is inherently flawed, and there are limits to what individuals and societies can achieve. Therefore, the primary role of government is to provide a framework of laws and institutions that can help to mitigate the worst aspects of human behavior and promote social order.

In contrast, the unconstrained vision assumes that human nature is essentially good, and that society can be perfected through the application of reason and knowledge. This vision often leads to a belief in the possibility of utopian societies and a willingness to use government power to achieve this end.

Sowell shows how these two visions have shaped political thought throughout history, and how they continue to underlie contemporary political debates. He argues that understanding these underlying visions is crucial for understanding the roots of political disagreements and finding common ground.

The book is praised for its clarity and its ability to shed light on complex political issues. It has been influential in shaping conservative and libertarian thought, as well as in broader discussions of political philosophy.

The book's full title is "A Conflict of Visions: Ideological Origins of Political Struggles, Revised and Expanded Edition" and it was originally published in 1987. The revised and expanded edition was published in 2007.

 

"비전의 충돌: 정치적 투쟁의 이데올로기적 기원" - 토마스 소웰 (2007)

"비전의 충돌: 정치 투쟁의 이데올로기적 기원"은 경제학자이자 사회 이론가인 토마스 소웰이 2007년에 쓴 책이다. 이 책에서 소웰은 정치적 투쟁이 종종 개인이 세상을 인식하는 방식의 근본적인 차이에 뿌리를 두고 있다고 주장하며, 그는 이를 "비전"이라고 부른다. 그는 역사를 통틀어 정치적, 사회적 사고를 형성한 두 가지 주요 비전을 식별한다: "제한된 비전"과 "제한되지 않은 비전".

제한된 비전은 인간 지식의 한계와 이러한 이해를 반영하는 기관과 과정의 필요성을 강조한다. 그것은 개인의 책임의 중요성과 전통의 역할뿐만 아니라 개인의 자유와 질서와 안정성의 보존의 균형을 맞출 필요성을 강조한다.

대조적으로, 제약 없는 비전은 인간의 이성이 무지와 전통을 극복할 수 있으며, 사회적 문제는 합리적인 계획과 정부의 개입을 통해 해결될 수 있다고 가정한다. 그것은 개인의 자율성과 사회 정의에 더 중점을 두고 있으며, 사회에 대한 더 큰 정부 참여를 선호하는 경향이 있다.

소웰은 이러한 경쟁적인 비전이 역사를 통틀어 많은 정치적, 사회적 투쟁의 뿌리에 있었고, 경제 정책, 사회 정의 및 개인의 권리와 같은 문제에 대한 현대 토론을 계속 형성하고 있다고 주장한다.

"비전의 충돌"은 정치 및 철학계에 영향을 미쳤으며, 종종 정치 이데올로기 연구의 기초 작업으로 인용된다. 정치적 갈등에서 경쟁 비전의 역할에 대한 이 책의 검토는 정치적 담론과 불일치의 본질에 대한 통찰력으로 찬사를 받았다.

한국어판 제목: "이념의 충돌: 정치적 갈등의 이데올로기적 기원"

이 책은 정치적 이데올로기 사이의 근본적인 불일치가 인간 본성과 사회의 다른 "비전"에서 비롯된다고 주장한다. 소웰은 두 가지 주요 비전을 식별한다: "제한된" 비전과 "제한되지 않은" 비전.

제한된 비전에 따르면, 인간의 본성은 본질적으로 결함이 있으며, 개인과 사회가 달성할 수 있는 것에는 한계가 있다. 따라서, 정부의 주요 역할은 인간 행동의 최악의 측면을 완화하고 사회 질서를 촉진하는 데 도움이 될 수 있는 법률과 기관의 틀을 제공하는 것이다.

대조적으로, 제약 없는 비전은 인간의 본성이 본질적으로 선하며, 이성과 지식의 적용을 통해 사회가 완성될 수 있다고 가정한다. 이 비전은 종종 유토피아 사회의 가능성에 대한 믿음과 이 목적을 달성하기 위해 정부 권력을 사용하려는 의지로 이어진다.

소웰은 이 두 비전이 역사를 통틀어 어떻게 정치 사상을 형성했는지, 그리고 그들이 어떻게 현대 정치 논쟁의 기초가 되는지 보여준다. 그는 이러한 근본적인 비전을 이해하는 것이 정치적 불일치의 뿌리를 이해하고 공통점을 찾는 데 중요하다고 주장한다.

그 책은 명확성과 복잡한 정치적 문제를 밝히는 능력으로 찬사를 받았다. 그것은 정치 철학에 대한 광범위한 논의뿐만 아니라 보수적이고 자유주의적인 사상을 형성하는 데 영향을 미쳤다.

이 책의 전체 제목은 "비전의 충돌: 정치 투쟁의 이데올로기적 기원, 개정 및 확장판"이며 원래 1987년에 출판되었다. 개정판과 확장판은 2007년에 출판되었다.

728x90